Variable names The conventions (not enforced, but expected) Underscore-leading names are conventionally avoided in your own code. Names starting with _ are often used by library implementations ...

C’s philosophy - “Don’t do anything the programmer didn’t ask for” I am reading the book The C Programming Language, 2nd Edition by K&R. As I was going through the preface of the book, I liked...

Here we will look at the relationship between process, the kernel and the system resources. The tools we will be discussing can be thought of as performance-monitoring tools. Tracking processes We...

Here we will start with the structure of /etc then we will move on to system logging, user management, cron job and working of PAM. The structure of /etc Everything in here is meant to be human-re...

Userspace “starts” at the exact moment the kernel successfully executes the first userspace program, called PID 1. Everything after that - services, login, networking - is launched by PID 1 (direct...

Ever wondered what really happens in those few seconds (or agonizing minutes on older hardware) between pressing the power button and finally seeing that glorious login screen? It often feels like ...

After knowing how the Linux Kernel presents devices to userspace. Now its time to look at how we can partition disks, create and maintain filesystems that goes inside disk partitions, and work with...

This note is about the kernel-provided device infrastructure in a functioning Linux system. It is important to understand how the kernel interacts with user-space when presented with new devices. ...

This note is based on the book - How Linux Works 3rd edition - by Brain Ward. I find it one of the best book for anyone trying to learn linux. With that said, I wish sometime there was a little b...

Linux users are a bit like wizards of the digital realm. They conjure up commands from their spellbooks (the terminal), casting incantations like ‘sudo’ to gain magical powers over their systems. A...